Absorption Corrections for a Four-Quadrant SuperX EDS Detector

Absorption Corrections for a Four-Quadrant SuperX EDS Detector

Consider a four-quadrant detector consisting of four circular active regions of area Aq each, placed symmetrically around the sample, as shown schematically in Fig. 1(a). The sample holder is inserted from the right, and the quadrants are 90° apart, oriented symmetrically at ±45° with respect to the primary tilt axis. The specimen tilt angles are labeled  and β, with positive angles correspond...

Aberration-Corrected Four-Detector STEM-EDS Analysis of Embedded Nanoclusters

Examining small particles embedded in a specimen foil is a challenging application for analytical STEM methods. When the particles are ~2 nm or smaller and the foils must be prepared by FIB (which results in thicker foils and more surface damage), the challenges increase. Here we report the use of aberrationcorrected STEM, equipped with high-detection-efficiency EDS systems, and multivariate st...

A CMOS Four-Quadrant Analog Multiplier

,4Mrad —A new circuit configuration for an MOS four-quadrant analog multiplier circuit is presented. It is based on the square-law characteristics of the MOS transistor. Two versions have been realized. The first has a linearity better than 0.14 percent for an orrtpnt current swing of 36 percent of the supply current and a bandwidth from dc to 1 MHz. The second version has floating inputs, a li...

A Four-quadrant Floating-gate Synapse

We present a new type of pFET synapse; by degenerating the source, the oxide currents provide stabilizing feedback to the oating gate and to the drain. We present experimental measurements from a oating-gate synapse that simultaniously computes four-quadrant products of its input and weight values, and computes a four-quadrant correlation, typical of hebbian and backpropagation learning rules, ...

A Four Quadrant Cmos Analogue Multiplier